Resolved Global Variables not working

hans_cellc · 08-21-2012, 05:05 PM

Please help, the global list gives the following error.

Code:

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python23\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1345, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "D:\Desktop Backup\Study Stuff\Year 2_Semester 2\ICT2612_Python\Additional Resources\Saved Files\Window1.py", line 175, in print_save
    order += "Salads Ordered: " + salads_ordered[:] + "\n"
TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'list' objects

Below my complete code and attached the py file.

Code:

# Simple Restaurant GUI
import random
from Tkinter import *                                                                                           #### GUI

# Global Variables
salads_ordered = [] # Does not work
starter_ordered = ""    
mains_ordered = ""     
global_total = 0

class Application(Frame):                                                                                       #### Class
    """Spur Restaurant Order System"""
    def __init__(self, master):        
        """Initialising the Frame"""
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()

    # Creating all the Widgets
    def create_widgets(self):                                                                                   #### Functions
        """Creating the Labels, buttons, text inputs and outputs"""
        # Creating Instruction Label
        Label(self, text = "Enter Customers Name and Telephone number.").grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3)        
        
        # Creating a Customer Label                                                                             #### Labels
        Label(self, text="Customers Name: ").grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        
        # Creating a Customer Name Entry Widget                                                                 #### Entry Widget
        self.ent_custN = Entry(self)
        self.ent_custN.grid(row = 1, column = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        # Set focus to the customers name input field
        self.ent_custN.focus_set()
        
        # Creating a Telephone Label
        Label(self, text="Telephone Number: ").grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

        # Creating a Telephone number Entry Widget
        self.ent_telN = Entry(self)
        self.ent_telN.grid(row = 2, column = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

        # Creating Salad Label
        Label(self, text="Salad Menu: ").grid(row = 3, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

        # Creating Salad Check Buttons                                                                          #### Check Buttons
        self.greek_salad = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(self, text = "Greek Salad", variable = self.greek_salad,
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 4, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.green_salad = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(self, text = "Green Salad", variable = self.green_salad,
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 4, column = 1, sticky = W)
        self.coleslaw = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(self, text = "Coleslaw", variable = self.coleslaw,
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 4, column = 2, sticky = W)

        # Creating Starter Label
        Label(self, text="Starter Menu: ").grid(row = 5, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        # Create variable for single Starter meal
        self.starter = StringVar()
        # Creating Starter Radio Buttons as they can only select one option                                     #### Radio Buttons
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Snails", variable = self.starter, value = "snails",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Garlic Rolls", variable = self.starter, value = "garlic",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 6, column = 1, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Nachos", variable = self.starter, value = "nachos",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 6, column = 2, sticky = W)

        # Creating Main Course details
        Label(self, text="Main Course Menu: ").grid(row = 7, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        # Create variable for single Main Course meal
        self.main_course = StringVar()
        # Creating Main Course Radio Buttons as they can only select one option
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Steak 300g", variable = self.main_course, value = "steak",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 8, column = 0, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Line Fish", variable = self.main_course, value = "fish",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 8, column = 1, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Beef Burger", variable = self.main_course, value = "burger",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 8, column = 2, sticky = W)
        
        # Creating Text Widget to display Order details                                                         #### Text Widget
        self.txt_display = Text(self, width = 50, height = 8, wrap = WORD)
        self.txt_display.grid(row = 9, column = 0, columnspan = 3)

        # Creating Total Label
        Label(self, text="Order Total: R").grid(row = 10, column = 0, sticky = E)

        # Creating Total Entry Widget
        self.ent_total = Entry(self)
        self.ent_total.grid(row = 10, column = 1, sticky = E)
        
        #### Creating Order button                                                                              #### Buttons
        self.btn_order = Button(self, text="Process Order")
        self.btn_order["command"] = self.print_save
        self.btn_order.grid(row = 11, column = 2, columnspan = 1, sticky = E)

        # Creating Quit button
        self.btn_quit = Button(self, text="Quit")
        self.btn_quit["command"] = self.quit_pressed
        self.btn_quit.grid(row = 11, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

    # Creating function to Calculate Total
    def calc_total(self):
        # Setting the Variables and/or lists and/or dictionaries
        SALADS = {'Greek Salad':20.50, 'Green Salad':18.50, 'Coleslaw':20.00}                                   #### Dictionary
        STARTERS = {'Snails':40.00, 'Garlic Roll':30.50, 'Nachos':35.00}                                        #### Constants
        MAINS = {'Steak 300g':60.00, 'Line Fish':95.50, 'Beef Burger':45.00}
        total = 0
        global salads_ordered
        global starter_ordered
        global mains_ordered
        global global_total
        
        # Conditional Statement for Salad Menu - Check Buttons
        if self.greek_salad.get():
            salads_ordered.append("Greek Salad")
            total += SALADS['Greek Salad']   
        if self.green_salad.get():
            salads_ordered.append("Green Salad")
            total +=  SALADS['Green Salad']   
        if self.coleslaw.get():
            salads_ordered.append("Coleslaw")
            total += SALADS['Coleslaw']
            
        # Conditional Statement for Starter Menu - Radio Buttons
        if self.starter.get() == "snails":
            total += STARTERS['Snails']
            starter_ordered = "Snails"
        elif self.starter.get() == "garlic":
            total += STARTERS['Garlic Roll']
            starter_ordered = "Garlic Roll"
        elif self.starter.get() == "nachos":
            total += STARTERS['Nachos']
            starter_ordered = "Nachos"

        # Conditional Statement for Main Course Menu - Radio Buttons
        if self.main_course.get() == "steak":
            total += MAINS['Steak 300g']
            mains_ordered = "Steak 300g."
        elif self.main_course.get() == "fish":
            total += MAINS['Line Fish']
            mains_ordered = "Line Fish."
        elif self.main_course.get() == "burger":
            total += MAINS['Beef Burger']
            mains_ordered = "Beef Burger."
            
        # Display Total in the total entry box
        self.ent_total.delete(0, END)
        self.ent_total.insert(0, total)
        global_total = total
        

    # Writing Order Details to the Text Widget
    def print_save(self):
        """Print and Save order details"""
        CustName = self.ent_custN.get()
        # I inserted this to Capatelize the words
        CustName = CustName.title()
        
        TelNumber = self.ent_telN.get()

        # Created a Random Order number Which according to me is more random than a
        # static number as I am using a slice from the telephone number.
        # I am suspecting that in reality this wont be accurate as a number could
        # be repeated but I wanted to show off the slice as well.
        OrderNumber = random.randrange(int(TelNumber[0:5]))+1                                                   #### Random
        # After creating the order number I need to convert to string to print and save
        OrderNumber = str(OrderNumber)

        # Created a List, not necesary but just to show I understand the principle
        order_list = [OrderNumber, CustName, TelNumber]                                                         #### List

        # Created a variable called order to add details to for print in text widget
        order = "Order Number: " + order_list[0] + "\n"
        order += "Customer Name: " + order_list[1] + "\n"
        order += "Telephone Number: " + order_list[2] + "\n"
        order += "Salads Ordered: " + salads_ordered[:] + "\n"
        order += "Starters Ordered: " + starter_ordered + "\n"
        order += "Main Course Ordered: " + mains_ordered + "\n"
        self.txt_display.delete(0.0, END)
        self.txt_display.insert(0.0, order)

        
        ### Writing order details to text file
        # Created conditional statements to orginise the the tab spacing in the text doc
        if len(OrderNumber) < 4:
            tab1 = "\t\t\t\t"           
        else:
            tab1 = "\t\t\t"
        # Created conditional statements to orginise the the tab spacing in the text doc                        #### Conditional Statements
        if len(CustName) < 4:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 8:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 12:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 16:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 20:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 24:
            tab2 = "t\t"
        else:
            tab2 = "\t"
                
        fileName = open("savedData.txt", "a+")                                                                  #### Writing data to text file
        fileName.writelines(OrderNumber + tab1 + CustName + tab2 + TelNumber + "\t\t\t"
                            + str(global_total) + "\n")
        fileName.close()

        # Clear the Input Fields and set focus to the customers name after order placed
        self.ent_custN.delete(0, END)
        self.ent_telN.delete(0, END)
        self.ent_custN.focus_set()

    # Quit Function
    def quit_pressed(self):
        self.master.destroy() 
        

### Main

# Root Window
root = Tk()                                                                                                     #### GUI

# Modifying the Window
root.title("Spur - Restaurant")
root.geometry("400x400")

# Instantiate the Application Object
app = Application(root)

# Invoke the root Window
root.mainloop()

Fou-Lu · 08-21-2012, 05:12 PM

This isn't PHP code; it looks like python to me.
Unfortunately I don't think there is a lot of python developers here, so I'm not sure what kind of help you'll find.
Moving from PHP forum to Python forum.

hans_cellc · 08-21-2012, 11:14 PM

Got it to work.
Below my code:

Code:

# Simple Restaurant GUI
import random
from sets import Set 
from Tkinter import *                                                                                           #### GUI

# Global Variables
salads_ordered = []
starter_ordered = ""
mains_ordered = ""
total = 0

class Application(Frame):                                                                                       #### Class
    """Spur Restaurant Order System"""
    def __init__(self, master):        
        """Initialising the Frame"""
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()

    # Creating all the Widgets
    def create_widgets(self):                                                                                   #### Functions
        """Creating the Labels, buttons, text inputs and outputs"""
        # Logo
        Label(self, text="Restaurant Order System", font = "Helvetica 16 bold").grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3)
        
        # Creating Instruction Label
        Label(self, text = "Enter Customers Name and Telephone number.", font = "Helvetica 10").grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 3)        
        
        # Creating a Customer Label                                                                             #### Labels
        Label(self, text="Customers Name: ", font = "Helvetica 9").grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        
        # Creating a Customer Name Entry Widget                                                                 #### Entry Widget
        self.ent_custN = Entry(self)
        self.ent_custN.grid(row = 2, column = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        # Set focus to the customers name input field
        self.ent_custN.focus_set()
        
        # Creating a Telephone Label
        Label(self, text="Telephone Number: ", font = "Helvetica 9").grid(row = 3, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

        # Creating a Telephone number Entry Widget
        self.ent_telN = Entry(self)
        self.ent_telN.grid(row = 3, column = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

        # Creating Salad Label
        Label(self, text="Salad Menu: ", font = "Helvetica 9 bold").grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

        # Creating Salad Check Buttons                                                                          #### Check Buttons
        self.greek_salad = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(self, text = "Greek Salad", variable = self.greek_salad,
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 5, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.green_salad = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(self, text = "Green Salad", variable = self.green_salad,
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 5, column = 1, sticky = W)
        self.coleslaw = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(self, text = "Coleslaw", variable = self.coleslaw,
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 5, column = 2, sticky = W)

        # Creating Starter Label
        Label(self, text="Starter Menu: ", font = "Helvetica 9 bold").grid(row = 6, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        # Create variable for single Starter meal
        self.starter = StringVar()
        # Creating Starter Radio Buttons as they can only select one option                                     #### Radio Buttons
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Snails", variable = self.starter, value = "snails",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 7, column = 0, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Garlic Rolls", variable = self.starter, value = "garlic",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 7, column = 1, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Nachos", variable = self.starter, value = "nachos",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 7, column = 2, sticky = W)

        # Creating Main Course details
        Label(self, text="Main Course Menu: ", font = "Helvetica 9 bold").grid(row = 8, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)
        # Create variable for single Main Course meal
        self.main_course = StringVar()
        # Creating Main Course Radio Buttons as they can only select one option
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Steak 300g", variable = self.main_course, value = "steak",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 9, column = 0, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Line Fish", variable = self.main_course, value = "fish",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 9, column = 1, sticky = W)
        Radiobutton(self, text = "Beef Burger", variable = self.main_course, value = "burger",
                    command = self.calc_total).grid(row = 9, column = 2, sticky = W)
        
        # Creating Text Widget to display Order details                                                         #### Text Widget
        self.txt_display = Text(self, width = 50, height = 8, wrap = WORD)
        self.txt_display.grid(row = 10, column = 0, columnspan = 3)

        # Creating Total Label
        Label(self, text="Order Total: R", font = "Helvetica 9 bold").grid(row = 11, column = 0, sticky = E)

        # Creating Total Entry Widget
        self.ent_total = Entry(self)
        self.ent_total.grid(row = 11, column = 1, sticky = E)
        
        #### Creating Order button                                                                              #### Buttons
        self.btn_order = Button(self, text="Process Order", font = "Helvetica 9 bold")
        self.btn_order["command"] = self.print_save
        self.btn_order.grid(row = 12, column = 2, columnspan = 1, sticky = E)

        # Creating Quit button
        self.btn_quit = Button(self, text="Quit Program", font = "Helvetica 9 bold")
        self.btn_quit["command"] = self.quit_pressed
        self.btn_quit.grid(row = 12, column = 0, columnspan = 1, sticky = W)

    # Creating function to Calculate Total
    def calc_total(self):
        # Setting the Variables and/or lists and/or dictionaries
        SALADS = {'Greek Salad':20.50, 'Green Salad':18.50, 'Coleslaw':20.00}                                   #### Dictionary
        STARTERS = {'Snails':40.00, 'Garlic Roll':30.50, 'Nachos':35.00}                                        #### Constants
        MAINS = {'Steak 300g':60.00, 'Line Fish':95.50, 'Beef Burger':45.00}
        total = 0
        saladOrder = []
        global salads_ordered
        global starter_ordered
        global mains_ordered
        global global_total
        
        # Conditional Statement for Salad Menu - Check Buttons
        if self.greek_salad.get():
            saladOrder.append("Greek Salad")
            total += SALADS['Greek Salad']   
        if self.green_salad.get():
            saladOrder.append("Green Salad")
            total +=  SALADS['Green Salad']   
        if self.coleslaw.get():
            saladOrder.append("Coleslaw")
            total += SALADS['Coleslaw']

        # Remove duplicates from List above
        salads_ordered = list(Set(saladOrder))
            
        # Conditional Statement for Starter Menu - Radio Buttons
        if self.starter.get() == "snails":
            total += STARTERS['Snails']
            starter_ordered = "Snails"
        elif self.starter.get() == "garlic":
            total += STARTERS['Garlic Roll']
            starter_ordered = "Garlic Roll"
        elif self.starter.get() == "nachos":
            total += STARTERS['Nachos']
            starter_ordered = "Nachos"

        # Conditional Statement for Main Course Menu - Radio Buttons
        if self.main_course.get() == "steak":
            total += MAINS['Steak 300g']
            mains_ordered = "Steak 300g."
        elif self.main_course.get() == "fish":
            total += MAINS['Line Fish']
            mains_ordered = "Line Fish."
        elif self.main_course.get() == "burger":
            total += MAINS['Beef Burger']
            mains_ordered = "Beef Burger."
            
        # Display Total in the total entry box
        self.ent_total.delete(0, END)
        self.ent_total.insert(0, total)
        global_total = total

    # Writing Order Details to the Text Widget
    def print_save(self):
        """Print and Save order details"""
        CustName = self.ent_custN.get()
        # I inserted this to Capatelize the words
        CustName = CustName.title()
        
        TelNumber = self.ent_telN.get()

        # Created a Random Order number Which according to me is more random than a
        # static number as I am using a slice from the telephone number.
        # I am suspecting that in reality this wont be accurate as a number could
        # be repeated but I wanted to show off the slice as well.
        OrderNumber = random.randrange(int(TelNumber[0:5]))+1                                                   #### Random
        # After creating the order number I need to convert to string to print and save
        OrderNumber = str(OrderNumber)

        # Created a List, not necesary but just to show I understand the principle
        order_list = [OrderNumber, CustName, TelNumber]                                                         #### List

        # Created a variable called order to add details to for print in text widget
        order = "Order Number: " + order_list[0] + "\n"
        order += "Customer Name: " + order_list[1] + "\n"
        order += "Telephone Number: " + order_list[2] + "\n"
        order += "Salads Ordered: " + str(salads_ordered) + "\n"
        order += "Starters Ordered: " + starter_ordered + "\n"
        order += "Main Course Ordered: " + mains_ordered + "\n"
        self.txt_display.delete(0.0, END)
        self.txt_display.insert(0.0, order)

        
        ### Writing order details to text file
        # Created conditional statements to orginise the the tab spacing in the text doc
        if len(OrderNumber) < 4:
            tab1 = "\t\t\t\t"           
        else:
            tab1 = "\t\t\t"
        # Created conditional statements to orginise the the tab spacing in the text doc                        #### Conditional Statements
        if len(CustName) < 4:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 8:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 12:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 16:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 20:
            tab2 = "\t\t\t"
        elif len(CustName) < 24:
            tab2 = "t\t"
        else:
            tab2 = "\t"
                
        fileName = open("savedData.txt", "a+")                                                                  #### Writing data to text file
        fileName.writelines(OrderNumber + tab1 + CustName + tab2 + TelNumber + "\t\t\t"
                            + "R" + str(global_total) + "\n")
        fileName.close()

        # Clear the Input Fields and set focus to the customers name after order placed                         #### Clear Fields
        self.ent_custN.delete(0, END)
        self.ent_telN.delete(0, END)
        self.starter = 0
        self.main_course = 0
        self.greek_salad = 0
        self.green_salad = 0
        self.coleslaw = 0
        self.ent_custN.focus_set()

    # Quit Function
    def quit_pressed(self):
        self.master.destroy() 
        

### Main

# Root Window
root = Tk()                                                                                                     #### GUI

# Modifying the Window
root.title("My Restaurant")
root.geometry("400x400")

# Instantiate the Application Object
app = Application(root)

# Invoke the root Window
root.mainloop()